Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)?

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.?

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:?

American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best?known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.

?21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?

?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.

?B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.

?C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.

?D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.

?22.The word “it” in line 5 refers to ____.

?A.side B.revolution

?C.dispute D.independence

?23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?

?A.By bravery in battle.

B.By marriage to a chief.

?C.By joining the confederacy.

D.By being born into a powerful family.

?24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?

?A.Mohawk. B.Iroquois. C.Cherokee. D.Creek.

?25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?

?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.

?B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.

?C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.

?D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.?

Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white—a habit that added to her reputation as an eccentric.

?In their determination to read Dickinson’s life in terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life—her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst. Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society in the 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a more general pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for self?sovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and irony their cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.

?26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?

?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentric behavior.

?B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.

?C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.

?D.To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.

?27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickinson’s eccentricities?

?A.Refusing to eat. B.Wearing only white.

?C.Avoiding visitors. D.Staying in her room.

?28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.

?A.criticized most of her poems

?B.ignored her innocence and emotional fragility

?C.seen her life in romantic terms

?D.blaming her parents for restricting her activities

?29.The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.

?A.physical illness B.a failed love affair

?C.religious fervor D.her dislike of people

?30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.

?A.strong Puritan beliefs

?B.equality of men and women

?C.the encouragement of nonconformity

?D.the appreciation of poetic creativity

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.?

The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.

?Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.

Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120?long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.

?Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel?manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.

?Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy?seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.

31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.

?A.cheaper and more plentiful

?B.lighter and easier to mold

?C.cleaner and easier to mine

?D.stronger and more durable

?32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?

?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.

?B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.

?C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.

?D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.

?33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?

?A.In Pittsburgh. ?B.In the Mesabi Range.

?C.Near Lake Michigan.?D.Near Lake Erie.

?34.The words “Barges and steamers” could best be replaced by which of the following?

?A.Trains.B.Planes.?C.Boats.?D.Trucks.

?35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.

?A.a decline in the railroad industry

?B.a revolution in the industrial world

?C.an increase in the price of steel

?D.a feeling of discontent among steel workers
答案

Part Ⅱ

1

短文大意

文章主要描述了美國印第安人在美國革命中所面臨的矛盾,無論印第安人支持哪一方——殖民主義者還是英格蘭,他們都將失去自己的領土與獨立。本文進一步以Mary Brant和Nancy Ward為例闡述了該觀點。

?21.答案C。

?【試題分析】 此題考查對作者寫作目的理解。

?【詳細解答】 文章第3句就闡明了作者的觀點:無論印第安人支持哪一方——殖民主義者還是英格蘭,他們都將失去自己的領土與獨立。后面的部分都是舉例來證明觀點,所以C正確。A中印第安人與英格蘭并肩作戰而獲得了他們的土地,與文章內容不符;B和D都不是文章的主要觀點。

?22.答案D。

?【試題分析】 此題考查學生根據上下文判斷具體詞義的能力。

?【詳細解答】 根據句子的意思,it指前面提到的印第安人的獨立,所以D項正確。A.方;B.革命;C.分歧;D.獨立。

?23.答案A。

?【試題分析】 此題為根據上下文推理題。

?【詳細解答】 文章倒數第四句指出,她在與Creeks人作戰的過程中表現勇敢,做為報償,部落給了她很高的職位。B.通過嫁給部落首領,C.通過加入南部聯邦,與文章內容不符。D.通過出生于有影響的家庭,文中未提到,所以也不正確。

?24.答案C。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義推理題。

?【詳細解答】 文章倒數第三句指出Nancy Ward是Cherokee部落的當權者。據此可知,她屬于該部落。所以C項正確。而A、B和D都只在介紹Mary Brant中提到過。

?25.答案B。

?【試題分析】 此題為根據上下文推理題。

?【詳細解答】 A.兩人都被她們的部落稱為“Beloved Woman”,而文中只有Nancy Ward有此稱號;B.兩人對她們部落在美國革命中作用影響很大,根據上下文我們可知B正確,而C和D文中都沒有提到,所以C和D均不正確。?

2

短文大意

本文是對美國著名女詩人Emily Dickinson的介紹。在1858到1862年間,Emily Dickinson創作了大量的詩歌,與此同時她開始關門閉戶,不與他人往來的生活。作者從另一個側面解釋Emily Dickinson隱居的原因并非她傳統和浪漫的一面,而是反對清教徒的清規戒律。

?26.答案A。

?【試題分析】 此題考查對作者寫與目的的理解。

?【詳細解答】 作者在本文中解釋了Emily Dickinson關門閉戶,不與他人往來的原因,所以A項正確。B進一步宣揚Emily Dickinson生活之謎,與A相反。C討論Emily Dickinson失敗婚戀的原因,不全面。D描述了Emily Dickinson時代的宗教氣候,也非作者意圖。

?27.答案A。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義辨析題,要求判斷正誤。

?【詳細解答】 “keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white…”此句表明拒絕吃東西不是她的怪僻之一。而B、C和D在上句均有涉及,所以正確答案為A。

?28.答案C。

?【試題分析】 此題為特定信息查尋題。

?【詳細解答】 文章指出,Dickinson的自傳作家只看到她傳統和浪漫的一面(…in terms of a traditional romantic plot)。所以C選項正確。A.批評她大部分的詩歌,與文章內容不符。B.忽略了她的純真和感情上的脆弱,正好相反。D.譴責其父母限制她的活動,文中未提到。

?29.答案B。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義推理題。

?【詳細解答】 Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair. 此句暗含許多人認為她獨處的原因是失戀。所以B選項正確。A.身體疾病,文中未提到;B.失戀;C.宗教上的虔誠,而Emily Dickinson反對清教的清規戒律;D.她討厭別人也不正確。

?30.答案A。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義推理題。

?【詳細解答】 文章最后指出她隱居的原因之一是反對清教徒的清規戒律。據此可判斷,A.為正確答案。B.男女平等正與清教徒的教義相背。C.鼓勵人們不要順從傳統也與清教徒的教義相背。D.欣賞詩歌創作,文中未提到。?

3

短文大意

本文簡介了鋼的發展史,最初的車軌是鐵制的,為了支持重型高速列車的運行,人們發展了強度更大的鋼來取代鐵。后來Henry Bessemer發明了轉爐煉鋼法,使鋼的生產向大規模化發展。同時豐富鐵礦的發現,使鋼產業迅速發展,也形成了許多鋼生產中心,鋼也成為了工業時代的一種基本材料。

?31.答案D。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義測試題。

?【詳細解答】 “because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer”。此句表明人們以鋼代鐵的理由是鋼的強度大些,更耐用,所以D選項正確。A.更便宜更豐富;B.更輕且易于鑄造;C.干凈易于開采;D.強度更大,更耐用。

?32.答案A。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義推理題。

?【詳細解答】 文中第二段開頭提到Henry Bessemer在煉鐵時發現給熔爐鼓入空氣,除去雜質,鐵就會變成鋼。這使鋼的生產向大規模化發展。所以正確答案為A。B.緩慢加熱鐵礦,攪拌后再次加熱,文中未提到。C.該方法將鐵礦轉變為可替代鋼的鐵,與文章含義不符。D.該方法能迅速發現地下鐵礦,這與Bessemer的發明無關。

?33.答案B。

?【試題分析】 此題為特定信息查尋題。

?【詳細解答】 根據第三段中的Prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range.,勘探者在Meabi Range發現了豐富的鐵礦,所以正確答案為B。

?34.答案C。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義測試題。

?【詳細解答】 barge意為“駁船”,steamer意為“輪船”,因為boat是船的總稱,所以兩者均可稱為boat,所以正確答案為C。A.火車,B.飛機,D.卡車

?35.答案B。

?【試題分析】 此題為語義推理題。

?【詳細解答】 文章最后指出,鋼是工業時代的基本建筑材料,據此可以推斷,鋼的大量生產將會帶來一場工業革命,所以正確答案為B。A.鐵路產業的下降,B.工業界的革命,C.鋼價格的上揚,D.鋼鐵工人的不滿情緒。