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初中英語作文的寫作框架
一、了解中考英語寫作評分標準。
我們知道中考英語分數,評卷老師絕對不是胡亂按照自己的感覺來給的,他們都有一個統一的標準,如果我們想要得高分的話,就得了解中考英語作文的評分標準,從而有目標性的提高自己的英語寫作能力,有計劃的得高分。下面是中考英語作文的評分標準。
中考英語作文評分標準:
每年根據題目的不同,評分標準都會有所更改,但是其中比較大的幾個項目是基本不變的。以下內容也許部分同學已經知道了,且稍安勿躁,驗證一下與你所知道的是否相符。
1.內容分7分。要求包含題目所給出的要點。若要點缺失,可酌情扣分。比如09年中考作文“I want to do something for my school”,若沒有寫一件具體的事情,是要扣3分以上的;若寫的事情太過于虛幻,沒有實際內容,也會扣1-2分。
2.語言分8分。首先是字數,少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。其次是語法和拼寫錯誤,每個扣0.5,重復錯誤不計;標點錯誤每4個扣0.5.
3.組織結構分3分,也就是我們常說的文采分。根據學生使用復雜句型、單詞和諺語、俗語的情況來加分。
這個評分標準看起來并不復雜,但是在實際操作過程中,這個評分標準會產生不少微妙之處,了解了這些微妙之處,同學們才能有的放矢,有針對性地寫出高分作文。
1.60字絕不僅僅是60字那么簡單
如前所述,中考英語作文要求60字以上,標點符號不算,少了就要扣分。但是60字的作文能不能得高分?從我們拿到的實例作文來看,16分以上的作文,沒有少于75字的,甚至少于80字的也少之又少。當然,也極少有超過100字的,因為中考試卷的短線格一共80個,在格子下面大約還有2行的空間,可以加20字左右,再多閱卷人就很難看清了,也會影響卷面的美觀(后面我會說“卷面分”的問題)。所以,同學們如果想讓作文得到高分,最好是讓字數在75-100字之間。
2.如何有組織、有計劃地拿文采分?
有很多老師和同學說,要拿到文采分,同學們需要在平時做大量的閱讀,積累好詞好句,還得加上考試中較好的發揮。這個觀點沒有問題,但是對于初三的同學來講,我們仍然可以更有方向性的去準備自己的作文,事半功倍地爭取文采分。
原則上講,前15分少于14分的一般不給文采分,然而在實際操作中我們發現,也有不少的前面得12或13分的同學得到了1-2分的文采加分。
這是因為老師在閱卷的時候給分是分兩大部分給的,前15分是往下扣、后3分是往上加,也就是說對前15分,閱卷老師們是在找扣分的點;后3分,閱卷老師們是在找加分的點。所以并不是全文都要寫得精彩絕倫才能得到文采分,只要文章中有1個亮點,基本就可以爭取到1分的文采分(當然,3分的文采分是很難全部拿到的)。而這些亮點,是可以提前準備的。例如,有一些“萬金油”式的復雜句型,例如強調句型、only相關的倒裝句等,只要同學們多操練幾次,幾乎是一定能用到作文當中,從而為自己爭得文采分的。
3.真的有“卷面分”嗎?
很多家長和同學,尤其是部分書法并不是十分整潔的同學,都會關心是否真的有“卷面分”的存在,在這里我要告訴大家,是有的。雖然在閱卷標準里面并沒有卷面分這一項,但是這個分數卻真切地反映在了同學們的分數里面。
如前所述,中考作文的分數包含3個部分,但是大多數熟練了的老師在閱卷的時候并不是按這3個部分逐項打分的,而是在第一遍讀完全文之后,心里已經形成了一個“印象分”,然后再細讀第二、三遍,把印象分分配到3個部分里面。因此,這個“印象分”就非常重要,而同學們的書法,也正是在這個環節,影響到了自己的分數。所以初三的同學們,如果你的書法不好,現在開始練書法還來得及。同學們并不需要寫的很漂亮,符合3個簡單的標準即可:沒有斜體、沒有連筆、涂改較少。
二、多積累。
看了上面的評分標準,我們知道除了一些技巧性的東西之外最主要的還是要多積累。比如一些有文采的句子,語法正確,或者結構清晰,這些都是平時自己要多背多記才能夠在中考中寫出好的作文。下面是小編給大家整理的中考英語不同類型的作文模板,大家可以看看,非常的實用。
中考英語作文必背模板:
一、說明利弊題型
這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀,再對比事物本身的利弊,有時也會單從一個角度(利或弊)出發,最后往往要求考生表明自己的態度(或對事物前景提出預測)
1. 說明事物現狀
2. 事物本身的優缺點(或一方面)
3. 你對現狀(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的優點之一). Besides
-------------------(A的優點之二).
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一個缺點).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個缺點).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(對前景的預測).)
二、議論文的框架
(1) 不同觀點列舉型( 選擇型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand,___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的議論文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文題目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____. Generally speaking, it is widely
believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___優點一______. And secondly ___優點二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺點一______. In addition, ____缺點二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.
議論文模板
1.正反觀點式議論文模板:
導入:第1段:Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... (導入話題)
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(觀點有分歧)
正文:第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方觀點)
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3個贊成的理由)
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方觀點)
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3個反對的理由)
結論:第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(個人觀點) 。
2."A或者B"類議論文模板:
導入:第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2個B的優勢)
結論:第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出結論)
3.觀點論述類議論文模板:
導入:第1段:提出一種現象或某個決定作為議論的話題
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的觀點是贊成還是反對)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (過渡句,承上啟下)
正文:第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3個贊成或反對的理由)
結論:第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照應第1段,構成"總-分-總"結構)
4."How to"類議論文模板:
導入:第1段:提出一種現象或某種困難作為議論的話題
正文:第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3個解決此類問題的辦法)
結論:第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(強調解決此類問題的根本方法)
三、 解決方法題型
考生要列舉出解決問題的多種途徑
1. 問題現狀
2. 怎樣解決(解決方案的優缺點)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(說明A的現狀).Second, ---------------(舉例進一步說明現狀)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解決方法一). For another -------------(解決方法二). Finally,
--------------(解決方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解決方法). Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future isawaiting us because --------------(帶來的好處).
以上就是初中英語寫作技巧,非常的實用。
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