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高考英語定語從句考點

時間:2022-12-09 09:13:11 高考英語 我要投稿

高考英語定語從句考點

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

高考英語定語從句考點

  考點一 考查關系代詞whose引導的定語從句

  1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

  A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

  【解析】C。在所給的四個關系代詞中,只有whose能用于名詞用作定語,故選C。又如:A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 書商就是其職業是賣書的人。

  2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

  A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

  【解析】B。their是物主代詞,不是關系代詞,不能引導定語從句,所以不能選;在其余三個選項中,只有whose能用于名詞用作定語,故選B。句意為:許多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了,他們在家鄉被照顧得很好。

  3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

  A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

  【解析】D。在所給定的四個關系代詞中,只有which和whose能用于名詞用作定語,故可排除B和C。而關系代詞which和whose用于名詞前作定語的區別是:which具有that或this的語義特征,而whose則具有one’s的語義特征。

  考點二 考查關系代詞which引導的定語從句

  1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (遼寧卷)

  A. that B. when C. what D. which

  【解析】D。that不用于引導非限制性定語從句,故被排除;when可引導非限制性定語從句,但只用于指時間,與句意不符,故也被排除;而what不是關系代詞,不能用于引導定語從句,故也被排除;which在此引導非限制性定語從句,并在定語從句中充當動詞find的賓語。句意為:他們贏了最后三場比賽,我發現這有點令人吃驚。

  2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全國Ⅱ)

  A. which B. that C. where D. it

  【解析】A。由于兩個句子之間沒有并列連詞,所以不能選B或D;而where是關系副詞,不能用作主語;which在此引導非限制性定語從句,并在從句中用作主語。又如:Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快,這是很危險的。

  3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山東卷)

  A. who B. which C. when D. that

  【解析】B。that不能用于引導非限制性定語從句,故可排除;when是關系副詞,不用作主語,故也可排除;who用于指人,但這里的定語從句不是修飾her,而是修飾whenever I met her,故不能用who,此處應用which。又如:He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他說他從沒見到過她,這是不真實的。

  考點三 查關系副詞where引導的定語從句

  1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (上海卷)

  A. where B. when C. there D. which

  【解析】A。由于定語從句he composed “The Magic Flute”的主語和賓語是完整的,所以不能選D;when指時間,不用于修飾表地點的先行詞the house,故也不能選;而there不是關系詞,不能引導定語從句。

  2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)

  A. that B. when C. which D. where

  【解析】D。由于定語從句they can see themselves differently的主語和賓語是完整的,所以不能選A和C;when指時間,不用于修飾表地點的先行詞a situation,故也不能選。

  3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重慶卷)

  A. why B. what C. that D. where

  【解析】D。由于定語從句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子結構是完整的,不缺主語或賓語,所以不能選C;why引導定語從句,其先行詞只能是the reason,而不用于其他場合,故不能選;what不是關系詞,不能用于引導定語從句,故也可排除;where在此引導定語從句,修飾名詞race,相當于in which。句意為:人生就像一場長途賽跑,在賽跑中我們為了超越自我而與別人競爭。

  4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)

  A. which B. where C. how D. why

  【解析】B。定語從句修飾的先行詞是a point,不是my life。point在此相當于一個抽象的地點,所以要用關系副詞where來引導定語從句。又如:We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我們到了必須改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她覺得自己再也不能忍受的地步。

  5. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?

  —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)

  A. where B. which C. when D. that

  【解析】A。由于定語從句you are doing something serious but interesting是一個結構完整的句子,不缺主語或賓語,所以不能選關系代詞which或that,故可排除B和D;而關系副詞when只用于修飾表示時間的名詞,故也可排除;where在此相當于in which,引導定語從句,并在定語從句中用作地點狀語。又如:I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小時都得守在辦公桌前的工作。

  考點四 查關系副詞when引導的定語從句

  1. She’ll never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)

  A. that B. which C. where D. when

  【解析】D。that不用于引導非限制性定語從句,故被排除;which引導定語從句必須在定語從句中充當主語或賓語,與本題的句子結構不符,故也被排除;where引導定語從句時,其前先行詞只能是表示地點的名詞,而本題的先行詞her stay there(她待在那兒期間)不是表地點,而是表時間,故C也可排除;關系副詞when在此引導非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞her stay。句意為:她永遠不會忘記她待在那兒的那段時間,在此其間她找到了她兩年前失蹤的孩子。

  2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江蘇卷)

  A. if B. when C. which D. since

  【解析】B。when在此用于引導定語從句,修飾名詞days。此題的難點是先行詞days與關系副詞when之間被are gone,容易誤解句子結構。句意為:由于金融危機,當地五星級賓館每晚收費6,000元的日子已經過去了。

  考點五 考查“介詞+關系代詞”結構

  1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陜西卷)

  A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

  【解析】C。當一個定語從句由“介詞+which”引導時,其中介詞的確定方法就是要找到與之構成搭配的動詞、名詞、形容詞等。在本題中,根據句意,句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(爭論某個話題),所以答案只能選C。又如:I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫錯了他的名字,為了這個錯誤我愿道歉。

  2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全國I)

  A. them B. who C. whom D. these

  【解析】C。由于兩個句子之間沒有并列連詞,所以不能選A或D;又因為是用于介詞of之后作賓語,所以要用賓格whom,不用who。句意為:她帶來了三個朋友,我以前一個也沒有見過。

  考點六 定語從句考查新角度

  The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)

  A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which

  【解析】B。這道題的本質是考查定語從句的用法,但其命題的角度比較特別,它既不考查先行詞,也不考查關系代詞或關系副詞,而是結合介詞的搭配考查關系代詞的省略。句中定語從句I grew up用于修飾名詞the house,由于其前沒有“引導詞”,所以可認為被省略了。而根據英語語法,可以省略的定語從句“引導詞”只可能是用作賓語的關系代詞that或which,這樣一來,就必須要求空格處填一個能帶賓語的詞,顯然只有介詞in。

  英語語法名詞性從句知識點:名詞性從句的關鍵點

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

  1. 備考主語從句應注意以下三點

  一是從句作主語,主句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數;

  二是主語從句通常用it作形式主語,尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過去分詞+that…中,或在It seems / happens that…中,或疑問句中;

  三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導的主語從句一般不用形式主語。

  2. 備考賓語從句應注意以下四點

  一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導的賓語從句,但可接疑問詞引導的賓語從句;

  二是在that引導的賓語從句后若還有補語時,要用it作形式賓語,而將that從句置于補語之后;

  三是當主句謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時,若賓語從句要表示否定意義,往往要通過否主句來實現,即所謂否定轉移;

  四是雖然引導賓語從句的that有時可以省略,但若賓語從句前有插入語或有間接賓語時,that不能省略;that在與之并列的另一個賓語從句之后或者在“形式賓語it+賓補”之后時也不能省略;that從句單獨回答問題時,that也不能省略。

  3. 備考表語從句應注意以下三點

  一是除that, whether和疑問詞外,as, as if, as though, because也可引導表語從句;

  二要注意“that’s why+結果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區別;

  三是注意the reason (why / for…) is that…句式。

  狀語從句知識點總結:英語地點狀語從句的用法及考點說明

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

  一、引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞

  主要的有as, as if, as though等:

  You must do as your parents tell you. 你必須按你父母說的去做。

  I have changed it as you suggest. 我已照你的建議作了改動。

  I am as you can imagine short of money. 正如你能想像的我很缺錢。

  Robbie didn’t feel as she did. 洛比沒有她那種感覺。

  They treated the child as if she were their own. 他們待這孩子像親生的一樣。

  I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚,就仿佛是昨天發生似的。

  【注】(1) 在非正式文體中,like也可用連詞,表示方式,與as的用法相似:

  Nobody loves you like I do. 沒有人像我這樣愛你。

  She can’t cook like her mother does. 她菜做得沒有她媽那樣好。

  (2) 有時the way 也可用作連詞,表示方式,與as的用法相似:

  They didn’t do it the way we do now. 那時他們不像我們現在這樣行事。

  I can’t help seeing things the way they do. 我禁不住也像他們那樣看事物。

  二、as if [as though] 從句與虛擬語氣

  一般說來,若as if 和as though 從句所表示的內容可能為事實,則用陳述語氣,若為假設或不大可能為事實,則用虛擬語氣。不過在非正式文體中,有時即使句意明確地表示不是事實,也可能用陳述語氣:

  He treats me as if I am [were] a stranger. 他待我有如陌生人。

  The stuffed dog barks as if it is [were] a real one. 這個玩具狗叫起來像是真狗似的。

  英語語法名詞性從句知識點:whatever引導主語從句的用法

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

  whatever引導主語從句時,意義相當于anything that,通常譯為“……任何東西(一切事情)”“……所……的一切(所有)”“無論什么……都”。如:

  Whatever she says goes. 一切她說了算。

  Whatever I have is yours. 我的東西都是你的。

  Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。

  Whatever I have is at your service. 我所有的一切都供你使用。

  Whatever you want is fine with me. 無論你要什么對我都合適。

  注意,不要與whatever引導讓步狀語從句(=no matter what)時的用法相混淆。如:

  Whatever happens, I must be calm. 不管發生什么事我都要鎮靜。

  Whatever you do, I’ll always love you. 不管你干什么,我永遠愛你。

  Whatever you say, I won’t believe you. 不管你說什么,我決不相信你的話。

  英語語法名詞性從句知識點:這個答句是什么從句

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

  請看下面的題,答句是個什么從句?

  “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “_________ I was last night.”

  A. That B. When C. Where D. What

  【分析】此題應選 C,其余三項均有可能誤選,答句為省略句,其完整形式為 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. (where 引導的是一個賓語從句)。請看以下類似試題:

  (1) “What made her so happy?” “_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”

  A. That B. 不填 C. Since D. For

  【分析】此題選A,為That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略。

  (2) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”

  A. That B. When C. Where D. Whether

  【分析】此題選A,為 She told me that would be late. 之省略。

  (3) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”

  A. That B. When C. Where D. Whether

  【分析】此題選D,為 He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。

  類似地,下面一句是非謂語動詞作主語:

  (4) “What made you so upset?” “_________ my wallet.”

  A. Lost B. Losing C. Having lost D. Being lost

  【分析】此題選B,為 Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。

  英語語法名詞性從句知識點:whichever引導主語從句的用法

  【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

  whichever引導主語從句時,相義相當于any that, anyone who,通常譯為“無論哪個……都”“無論誰……都”。如:

  Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪一個,哪一個就是你的。

  Whichever comes in first will receive a prize. 誰先到就會獲獎。

  whichever有時還可以修飾名詞或后接表示范圍的of短語。如:

  Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪個隊得分最多,哪個隊就贏。

  Whichever of them gains the most points wins. 他們中哪一個得分最多,哪一個就贏。

  注意,不要與whichever引導讓步狀語從句(=no matter which)時的用法相混淆。如:

  Whichever side wins, I shall be happy. 不管哪邊贏,我都會高興。

  Whichever he chooses, he is damned. 無論他挑選哪一個都會倒霉。

  Whichever method you use, the result is much the same. 不論你用哪一種方法,結果都差不多。

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