考研英譯漢常考的短語及句型

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考研英譯漢常考的短語及句型

　　1.as 引導的特殊狀語叢句，翻譯時作定語叢句處理

考研英譯漢常考的短語及句型

　　例："In short", a leader of the new school contends , "the scientific revolution ,as we all it,was largely the improvement and invention and use of a instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directinons."(1994年考研試題)

　　[譯文] 新學派的一位領袖人物堅持說：“簡言之，我們所稱之為的科學革命，主要是指一系列器具的改進、發明和使用。這些改進、發明和使用使科學發展的范圍無所不及。”

　　2.anyting but 根本不；nothing but 只不過是；all but 幾乎，差一點；除……以外其余都是；but for 要不是；but ＋叢句，若不是……

　　例1.：Alone in a deserted house , he was so busy with his rescarch work that he felt anything but lonely.(1990年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：雖然他孤獨一人住在這幢房子里，但他埋頭于研究工作，一點也沒有感到孤獨。

　　[注釋]：句中 anything but 意為 except。試對比：He seldom talked of anyting butthe experssion of the necessary mode of working of the human mind ; it is simply the mode by all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.(1993年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：科學研究的方法不過是人類思維活的的必要表達方式，也就是對一切現象進行思索并給以精確而嚴謹的表達方式。

　　例3.The party was all but over when we arrived.

　　[譯文]：我們到達時，聚會已近尾聲。

　　[注釋]：此句中 all but 意為 nearly , almost。

　　例4.But for the rain, we would have had a nice holiday .

　　[譯文]：要不是因為下雨，我們的假日一定過得很愜意。

　　3.“名詞，＋or ＋名詞”結構中 or 后的名詞是同位語，應譯為“即……；或者稱……”

　　例：Moreover , technology includes techniques, or ways to do things ,as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.

　　[譯文]：再者，除機器外技術還包括技藝，即制作方法，而運用這些技藝并不一定都需要機器。

　　4.“...，only to ＋動詞”意為“……，結果卻……”

　　例:They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre , the cinema or the opera ,only to discover,perhaps, that the show is disappionting .(1995年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：他們不必花錢去戲院、電影院或歌劇院買價格很貴的戲票，結果卻發現，所演的節目令人失望。

　　[注釋]：“..., only to ＋v.”表示句子謂語動作的目的相反結果。

　　5. not nearly 永遠不

　　例：Food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this , which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.(1991年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：食品供應將遠遠趕不上人口的增長，這就意味著我們在糧食的生產和購銷方面正面臨危機。

　　6. not so much ... as ... 與其說……不如說……

　　例1.Science moves forward , they say , not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like imporoved techniques and tools.(1994年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：他們說，科學的發展與其說源于天才偉人的真知灼見，不如說源于改進了的技術和工具等更為普通的東西。

　　例2.The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted.(1995年考研試題)

　　[譯文]：美國人所需要的各種便利條件與其說是反映一種從容不迫的生活方式，還不如說反映一種忙碌的生活方式。在這種忙碌的生活方式中甚至幾分鐘時間都得珍惜。

　　[注釋]：

　　1) not so much as 連在一起寫，則意為“連……都不(肯)”

　　如：He didn't so much as thank me for returning his money that I find .

　　我把找到的錢還給他，他卻連謝都不肯謝。

　　2)該句型有時也用 not so much ... but ...

　　如：The important thing is not so much the actual population of the world , but its rate of increase.重要的與其說是世界的實際人口量，還不如說是人口的增長率。

　　3).要注意“not so much ... but ... ”與“not so ＋形容詞＋but＋叢句”之意的區別，后者意為“雖然……但是……”

　　例如：The bridge was not so crowded but the bicycles could go through .

　　這橋上雖然很擁擠，但是自行車還能穿過去。

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